Some environmentalists express worries about the extended dry spell in Nova Scotia potentially causing lasting damage to salmon populations. Atlantic salmon migrate back to their birth rivers each autumn in search of suitable spawning grounds. However, with the spawning season typically occurring in October and November, significantly low water levels are jeopardizing this crucial stage in their lifecycle.
Amy Weston, the Nova Scotia Salmon Association’s managing director, voices concerns regarding the survival of this salmon generation. Female salmon carefully select nest locations, called redds, requiring specific water temperatures and flow rates – factors impacted by the ongoing drought. Salmon thrive in cold, oxygen-rich waters, but as temperatures rise, oxygen levels drop. Reduced water levels limit fish habitat and movement, making them more susceptible to predators.
Although recent rainfall has partially replenished key salmon spawning areas, Weston apprehensively anticipates potential winter complications if the drought persists. Shallow conditions during winter may lead to river ice formation, risking damage to salmon redds when the ice breaks up. The province’s fish were already under stress due to low water levels and a significant water temperature increase. The St. Marys River, a vital salmon habitat, has faced severe repercussions from the drought.
Scott Beaver, president of the St. Mary’s River Association, highlights the dire situation, noting that feeder brooks crucial for the main river flow have completely dried up. The lack of water flow has trapped young trout and salmon in diminishing warm water pools, making them easy targets for predators. Insufficient water levels also hinder adult salmon migration and expose them to increased predation risks.
Beaver expressed concerns during the drought, fearing the potential loss of the 2025 spawning season. Fortunately, late October rains likely offered a temporary respite for the fish and provided hope for conservation efforts. Long-term solutions, such as restoring natural buffers like riparian forests for shade, are essential for maintaining cool river temperatures. As climate change intensifies extreme weather events, Weston emphasizes the community’s responsibility to safeguard fish habitats.
Efforts to enhance river resilience are crucial for preserving fish populations and overall environmental health, Weston concludes. It is imperative to undertake actions to improve habitat conditions for both fish and communities amidst changing climate patterns.
