Environmental activists gathered near the Eiffel Tower in Paris during the COP21 UN climate summit in December 2015 to form a human chain displaying the peace sign and the message “100% renewable.” This event marked the adoption of the Paris Agreement, a significant global treaty aimed at combatting climate change by keeping global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial levels, with efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Fast forward a decade, and representatives from nearly 200 nations are set to convene in Belem, Brazil, from November 10 to 21 for COP30, the annual United Nations climate summit. Unfortunately, despite the Paris Agreement, greenhouse gas levels and global temperatures have continued to rise to unprecedented levels over the past ten years.
In terms of climate change progress since the Paris Agreement, the comparison between then and now involves evaluating changes in the actual climate, advancements in clean technologies, shifts in countries’ policies and laws, and the allocation of global financial resources.
For example, global temperatures have risen significantly over the years, with the Earth now experiencing a 1.35 degrees Celsius increase compared to pre-industrial times. The latest UN Emissions Gap Report indicates that current efforts put the world on track for a 2.3 degrees Celsius temperature rise by 2100 if nations fulfill their climate commitments as planned.
Looking at the evolution of clean technologies, the past decade has witnessed a surge in electric vehicle adoption and renewable energy generation. Notably, renewable energy sources surpassed coal in global electricity production for the first time in 2025. While progress has been made, experts emphasize the need for accelerated growth in clean energy to meet the Paris Agreement targets effectively.
Moreover, the Paris Agreement has influenced the implementation of national policies worldwide, spurring the adoption of low-carbon technologies and solutions. Countries like Canada have introduced measures such as carbon pricing policies and a net-zero emissions goal in alignment with the agreement’s objectives.
In terms of financial investments, green energy has seen a significant boost, with over $2 trillion USD invested in 2024, surpassing fossil fuel investments. The agreement also underscores the importance of developed nations supporting developing countries in climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts through financial assistance.
While progress has been made post-Paris Agreement, experts stress the need for intensified efforts to meet the treaty’s ambitious goals. Suggestions include revising global trade rules, making climate actions mandatory, and sector-specific climate progress initiatives to enhance environmental outcomes.
In conclusion, the Paris Agreement has set a crucial framework for global climate action, but continuous collaboration and enhanced commitments are essential to address the pressing challenges of climate change effectively.
